Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): Colonización y susceptibilidad en pacientes y personal de salud de un hospital de referencia
Dres. Carlos Mendoza Ticona (*), Jorge Ballón Echegaray (**),
Juan José De Los Ríos Alvarez (***) y Blgo. Renato Velásquez Talavera (*)
(*) Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos. Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa. Perú.
(**) Cátedra de Microbiología e Inmunología Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa. Perú
(***) Infectólogo-Pediatra. Hospital Regional Honorio Delgado de Arequipa. Cátedra de Pediatría Universidad Católica de Santa María. Perú
Juan José De Los Ríos Alvarez (***) y Blgo. Renato Velásquez Talavera (*)
(*) Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos. Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa. Perú.
(**) Cátedra de Microbiología e Inmunología Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa. Perú
(***) Infectólogo-Pediatra. Hospital Regional Honorio Delgado de Arequipa. Cátedra de Pediatría Universidad Católica de Santa María. Perú
Abstract
From
66 patients and 45 members of the health staff (HS) of the services of burnt,
neonatology and pediatrics of the Hospital Regional Honorio Delgado of
Arequipa, 56 strains of S. aureus were isolated, 30 of patients and 26 of the
HS. The methicillin resistance was determined and its susceptibility was
compared to 7 B-lactam and 9 not B-lactam antibiotics. 66,7% of isolated S.
aureus of patient and 34,6% of the HS was MRSA (p<0,05). 100% of burnt
patients' isolated S. aureus was methicillin resistant, 60% from neonates and
40% from pediatric patients. In the HS the frequency of MRSA was similar for
the three services. 100% of MRSA was resistant to penicillin, ampicillin,
oxacillin and methicillin and 100% was sensitive to vancomycin. In the other
rehearsed antimicrobial agents the MRSA of the patients was less susceptible
than those of the HS (amoxycillin-clavulanic acid 25% and 78%, cephalothin 20%
and 78%, imipenem 70% and 100% , ciprofloxacin 35% and 78%, rifampin 45% and
78%, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 50% and 67%, erythromycin 40% and 89%,
tetracycline 35% and 89%, chloramphenycol 35% and 89%, lincomycin 5% and 67%
and gentamicin 0% and 33%). We conclud that the MRSA colonizes the patients
preferably and these have smaller susceptibility than the isolated MRSA of the
HS. The vancomycin conserves its sensibility. Alternative antimicrobial agents
don't possess high sensibilities in MRSA of patients.
Key words: Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistance, MRSA, intrahospital infection, oxacillin, vancomycin.
Diagnóstico. Mayo 2001; 40(3).
http://www.fihu-diagnostico.org.pe/revista/numeros/2001/mayjun01/149-156.html
